Education

1979 Ph.D. in Metallurgy and Materials Science, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (USA)

1975 B.Sc. with Honors in Metallurgy, University of
Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland.

Professional Experience


2005 Dean of Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Clark and Crossan Professor of Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

2000 Department Head, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Carnegie Mellon University

1997 Appointed to Posco Chair in Steel Processing

1994 Professor, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials
Science, Carnegie Mellon University

1992 Appointed Co-Director of the Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research

1989 - 1994 Associate Professor, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and
Materials Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA15213.

1986 - 1989 Assistant Professor, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and
Materials Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
Associate Director of Center for Iron and Steel Research

1984-1986 Supervisor, Continuous Casting Research, Bethlehem Steel
Corporation, Bethlehem, PA 18016.

1981-1984 Research Engineer, Continuous Casting Research, Bethlehem Steel
Corporation, Bethlehem, PA 18016.

1979-1981 Research Engineer, Continuous Casting Research, Inland Steel
Corporation, East Chicago, IN 46312.

Teaching Experience

Undergraduate Courses

Thermodynamics of Materials (Sophomore)
Introduction to Lab (Sophomore)
Thermodynamics II (Junior)
Process Metallurgy (Junior)
Transport (Junior)
Lab II (Junior)
Processing Methods (Junior)
Advanced Reading and Senior Thesis (Senior)
Processing II (Senior)


Graduate Courses

Thermodynamics
Solidification Processing
Processing Methods

Industrial Seminars

Clean Steel - 1 day short course with Prof. R. J. Fruehan
and Prof. A. MacLean

Continuous Casting Of Slabs, Billets and Blooms
Week long course directed by Prof. J. K. Brimacombe, UBC
Taught in Course from 1987 to present

The Mold in Continuous Casting - One day seminar
on mold practices with Prof. B. Thomas, U. Illinois

Optimizing Billet Quality - One day seminar
with Prof. Samarasekera of UBC.

Ladle, Tundish, and Mold - Seminar with R. J. Fruehan.
3 day intensive course.

Tundish Technology - Seminar with Prof. Sahai of OSU.

Slag Technologies - Seminar with Prof. R. J. Fruehan.

Materials Processing - Seminar with Prof. Mahajan

Clean Steels - 3 day short course with Prof. R. J. Fruehan
Taught in Finland, the Netherlands, Denmark, South Africa, Australia, Argentina , Mexico and Thailand and in Pittsburgh annually from 1992

Thin Slab Casting - 1 day seminar with Prof. J. K. Brimacombe and Prof. I.V. Samarasekera given in Vancouver, Chicago and Cleveland

Clean Steel and Thin Slab Casting - Given at Gallatin Steel, Acme Steel Co., Nucor and SDI


Current Research Topics

Studies of the Initial Solidification Behavior of Steels.
In this work phenomena that occur during the first 10 milliseconds of solidification are studied by measuring heat transfer rates of droplets contacting water cooled copper molds.

Studies of the Solidification Behavior of Liquid Oxides
Liquid oxides can be deeply undercooled before crystallization. In this work the double hot thermocouple technique is used to help elucidate heterogeneous nucleation phenomena.

Studies of the Effect of Inclusion Chemistry on Solidification Behavior
In this work the criteria for effective nucleants for low carbon steels will be determined.

Clean Steel Production
The fundamental issues involved in inclusion removal from liquid steels are studied with particular emphasis on separation at the slag-metal interface.

The Effect of Liquid Oxide Films on Heat Transfer Rates During Casting
In this work the effect of thin liquid oxide films is studied with a view to understanding the complex behavior that occurs in a continuous casting mold

Initial Solidification Phenomena in a Continuous Casting Mold
The detailed nature of solidification within a continuous casting mold is being studied with particular attention to the formation of oscillation marks.

Graduate Students at CMU


Graduated Masters Students

Dr. Lih Farn Shiau, Carpenter Technology (MS, 90)
Mr. Wen Ge Lo, China Steel (ME,92)
Dr. Cristophe Dumay, Pechiney Electrometallurgique (MS 94)
Mr. Youngkil Kim, Pohang Iron and Steel Company (MS 95)
Mr. William King, AK Steel (ME 95)
Mr. Christopher Kovscek, J&L Specialty Steel.(ME,96)
Mr. Jason Harman, US Navy (MS, 96)
Mr. Rungroth Lert-a-Rom, Siam Cement Co. (ME 97)
Mr. Joe Fonseca, Los Alamos National Laboratories, (MS 97)
Mr. Roger Maddallena, Vesuvius, ME 99
Ms. Christine Tse, Strategic Research Institute, (MS 00)
Mr. JiTae Kwon Posco (ME 01)
Ms Heather Creely (ME 02)
Mr. M Nakata, Nippon Steel, ( ME 03)
Mr. M. Valdez, (MS 03)
Mr. Paolo Nolli (ME 04)
Mr. W. Wang (MS 04)
Mr. K. Shen (MS 05)
Mr. Young Jo Kim (ME 05)
Mr. Katsahiro Nakata (ME 05)

Graduated Masters and Doctorate Students


Dr. Balu Sarma, GEITC, India(PhD 92)
“Reduction of FeO From Smelting Slags by Solid Carbon”
Dr. Sunil Roy, I2 (PhD, 93)
“Electromagnetic Levitation and Confinement of Molten Metals”
Dr. Alok Sharan, Hewlet Packard, (PhD, 93)
“Interfacial Tensions in Fe-Ni and Fe-Cr Alloys”
Dr. Steven Feldbauer, Abbott Furnace, (PhD 95)
“Slag Entrainment in the Mold of a Continuous Caster”
Dr. Kenichi Shimizu, Sumitomo Electric Company (PhD 98)
“Evaporation Phenomena of Fluorine-Containing Slag Melts”
Dr. James Stepanek, Colorado State University, ( Phd 98)
“Initial Solidification In Continuous Casting”
Dr. Y. Chung, DB Steel, Korea, (Phd 99)
“Surface and Interfacial Phenomena of Liquid Iron”
Dr. V. Chevrier, Arcelor, (PhD 00)
“Droplet and Bubble Separation at the Interface Between a Liquid Metal and a Liquid Slag”
Dr. Carl Orrling, SKS, Sweden, (PhD 00)
“Crystallization Phenomena in Slags”
Dr. R. Rastogi, Honeywell, (PhD 00)
“Formation of Oxide Deposits During Liquid Steel Processing”
Prof. N. Phinichka, Cambridge University, (PhD 01)
"The Effect of Surface Tension, Superheat and Surface Films on the Rate of the Heat Transfer from an Iron Droplet to a Water Cooled Mold"
Prof. M. Supradist, Chulalonkorn University (PhD 02)
"Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Behavior of a Mold Powder used in the Continuous Casting Process"
Dr. P. Misra, Nucor (PhD 02)
"The Role of Heat Transfer in Strip Casting"
Dr. A. Badri, Shell Oil, (PhD 03)
"Initial Solidification Phenomena in Continuous Casting"
Dr. K. Prapakorn, Thai Government, (PhD 03)
"The Solidification Behaviour of Calcium Aluminate Slags"
Postdoctoral Researchers at CMU

Dr. Bryan Lally (90-92)
Dr. R. Sankaranarayanan (92-93)
Dr. M. Bahmra (94-96)
Dr. Linda Rishel (96-99)
Prof. S. Seetharaman (99)
Prof. S. Ueda (2001-2)
Dr. C. Mutale (2004/5)
Dr. Pello Uranga (2005)

Visiting Professors at CMU

Prof. Itaru Jimbo, Tokai University, Japan (87-96)
Prof. Tetsu Nagasaka, Tohoku University, Japan (93-94)
Prof. T. Suzuki, University of Tokyo, Japan (95-96)
Prof. L. Kolbiensen, University of Trondheim, Norway (96-97)
Prof. Y. Kashiwaya, Hokaido University, Hokaido, Japan (1996-98)
Prof. K. Schwerdtfeger, Claustahl Universty, 1999-2000
Prof. T. Emi, Tohoku University, 2000
Prof. Yi, Seoul National University, 2000/01
Prof. Shigeru Ueda, 2001/2002
Prof. H. Shibata, Tohoku University, 2002/2003
Prof. S. Chu, Beijing University of Science and Technology 2004

Visiting Researchers at CMU

Dr. Hideyaki Todoroki, Nippon Yakin (95-97)
Dr. D. S. Kim, POSCO, Korea (96-97)
Dr H. S. Song, Posco,(98-99)
Dr. Carlos E. Cicutti, Centro de Investigacion Industrial, FUDETEC, Argentina (97)
Dr Anders Tilliander, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden (98)
Dr Y Fang, Bao Steel (1998-99)
Dr. Changrong Lee, chinese visiting scholar, (1998-99)
Mr. Roberto Ares, Siderar (1999)
Mr. Fernando Medina, Siderca, (2000)
Mr. S. H. Lee, Posco (1999)
Dr.S. Y. Kim, Posco (2000)
Mr. J. H. Park, Posco (1999)
Mr C. G. Li, Posco, 1999-2000
Mr. Martin Valdez, CINI, Argentina, 2001
Mr. Honge Shi, Bao Steel, 2002
Mr Xia Fang Jiang, Bao Steel, 2003
Dr D. K. Choo, Posco 2003
Dr. J. Choi, Posco, 2003
Mr. Jemin Park, Posco, 2002/2003
Dr. Yuan Yan, Bao Steel, 2005



Professional Activities

Iron and Steel Society (ISS)

American Society for Materials (ASM)

The Materials Society (TMS)

American Ceramic Society (Acers)

Associate Editor,
Metallurgical Transactions of AIME. 1988 to present

Chairman, Editorial Advisory Committee,
Iron and Steelmaker 1987 - 1991,

Member, Board of Review,
Transactions of the ISS, 1986 – present

Member, Board of Review, ISIJ, 2000 to present

Member Board of Review, Steel Research 2000-1

Member, Board of Review, Ironmaking and Steelmaking 2003

Member of Steering Committee,
Process Technology Division, 1987-1991

Member, John Chipman Award Committee, 1989-90

Chairman, John Elliot Award Committee, TMS/ISS, 1991-94

Chairman, Jerry Silver Award Committee ISS, 1990-92

Chairman, Leo Reinhartz Award Committee, ISS, 1987-1999

Executive Committee of the Steelmaking Division of ISS, 1993-97

Executive Committee of Process Technology Division of ISS, 1993-1997
Chairman of PTD, 1996.

Director, Iron and Steel Society, 1995-97

Chairman of 13 th PTD Conference, 1995

Officer of Iron and Steel Society, 1998-2001

President of Iron and Steel Society 2000

Co-Organizer of the J. K. Brimacombe Memorial Conference (2001)

Member of the Board of AIME 2000-01

Organizer of Manfred Wolf Memorial Symposium (2003)

Member of Executive Committee of AIME (2003-2007)

President Elect Designate AIME 2003

Board Member ABET 2003-2005

Vice Chair University Materials Council 2003-2004


Awards

British Steel Corporation Prize- Student Award at Strathclyde University (1975),

Frank B. McKune Award of ISS (1984), Best paper award

Charles H. Herty, Jr. Award of ISS (1986), Best paper award

Institute Medal of AISI (1986), Best paper award

Steelmaking Conference Award of ISS (1986), Best paper award

Robert W. Hunt Silver Medal of ISS (1987), Best paper award

Institute Medal of AISI (1987), Best paper award

Outstanding Young Member - Pittsburgh ASM, (1990)

Iron and Steel Society Professor (1992-8)

Benjamin Richard Teare Award of CIT at CMU, (1995), educational award of university

Posco Chair in Iron and Steelmaking (1997)

Distinguished Member and Fellow of ISS (2000)
The highest recognition of a member in ISS

Charles H. Herty Award of ISS (2000), Best paper award

J. B. Austin Award of ISS (2001), Presidential recognition award

John Elliott Lecturer - Major Award of ISS/TMS (2002)

Benjamin F. Fairless Award – Award of AIME (2003)
Major Award of AIME in Steel Technology and Leadership

Carnegie Lecturer, ASM, Pittsburgh (2003)

Chosen as Howe Memorial lecturer in 2007
Named keynote lecturer for annual AIST steelmaking conference

Patents

Continuous Casting Slag, No. 4,624,707, Nov 25, 1986.

Drain Hole Design for Ladle, No. 4,746,102, May 24, 1988.




Publications


1979

1. A. W. Cramb: "The Rate of Dissociation of CO2 on Liquid Iron and Nickel", University of Pennsylvania, 1979.

2. A. W. Cramb, W. R. Graham and G. R. Belton: "Studies of the Interfacial Kinetics of the Reaction of Carbon Dioxide With Solid Nickel," Met. Trans., Vol. 9B, (1979), p. 623-704.

1981

3. A. W. Cramb and G. R. Belton: "Studies of the Interfacial Kinetics of the Reaction of Carbon Dioxide with Liquid Iron," Met. Trans., Vol. 12B, (1981), p. 699-704.

1984

4. A. W. Cramb and G. R. Belton: "Studies of the Interfacial Kinetics of the Reaction of Carbon Dioxide with Liquid Nickel," Met. Trans., Vol. 15B, (1984), p. 655-661.

1985

5. A. W. Cramb and F. J. Mannion: "The Measurement of Meniscus Marks at Bethlehem's Burns Harbor Slab Caster," Steelmaking Conference Proceedings of ISS-AIME Vol. 68, (1985), p. 349-359.

6. J. W. Hlinka, D. H. Bright and A. W. Cramb: "A Model for Predicting the Thermal History of a Ladle", Steelmaking Conference Proceedings of ISS-AIME, Vol. 68, (1985), p. 35-47.

1988

7. A. W. Cramb: "Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacings in Continuous Cast, Thin Steel Sections", Casting of Near Net Shape Products, Ed. Y. Sahai, J.E. Battles, R. S. Carbonara and C. E. Mobley, A TMS publication, (1988), p 673 - 682.

8. A. W. Cramb: "New Developments in the Continuous Casting of Steel - Parts 1-6", Iron and Steelmaker, Vol. 15, No.1-6, (1988).

1989

10. Intelligent Processing for Primary Metals, ed. A. W. Cramb, W. E. Eckhardt, D. Watanapongse, J. Early, J. Kor, R. Sussman, A. V. Clark, Jr., NIST Special Publication 772, November (1989).

11. A. W. Cramb and M. Byrne: "Tundish Slag Entrainment at Bethlehem's Burns Harbor Slab Caster," Transactions of ISS, Vol 10, (1989), p 121 - 128.

12. M. Byrne, A. W. Cramb and T. W. Fenicle: "The Sources of Exogenous Inclusions in Continuous Cast, Aluminum Killed Steels," Transactions of ISS, Vol 10, (1989), p 51 - 60.

13. M. Byrne and A. W. Cramb: "Operating Experiences with Large Tundishes", Transactions of ISS, Vol 10, (1989), p 91 - 100.

14. A. W. Cramb: "Developments in Strip and Thin Slab Casting of Steel - A Historical Perspective", Transactions of the Iron and Steel Society, Vol 10, (1989), p 61 - 76

15. A. W. Cramb and G. R. Belton: "Studies of the Interfacial Kinetics of the Reaction of CO2 with Iron-Nickel Alloys at 1873 K", Metallurgical Transactions B, Vol. 20B, October (1989), p 755 - 756.

16. A. W. Cramb and I. Jimbo: "Calculation of Interfacial Tension in Metal-Slag Systems", Steel Research, No. 3/4, (1989), p 157 - 165.

1990

17. A. W. Cramb and I. Jimbo: "Interfacial Considerations in Continuous Casting" Transactions of the Iron and Steel Society, Vol. 11, (1990).

18. A. W. Cramb and M. Byrne: "The Role of Slag Chemistry on Caster Operation for Clean Steel Production", Transactions of the Iron and Steel Society,Vol 11, (1990), p 1111 - 1200.

19. A. W. Cramb and M. Byrne: "Steelmaking and Casting Practices for High Quality Interstitial-Free Steels", Metallurgy of Vacuum-Degassed Steel Products, R. Pradham, ed., TMS, (1990), p 3 - 28.

20. R. J. Fruehan and A. W. Cramb: "Fundamental and Long Term Research in Japan - Industry", Iron and Steelmaker, March, (1990), Vol 17, No. 3, p 38 - 41

21. R. J. Fruehan and A. W. Cramb: "Fundamental and Long Term Research in Japan - University", Iron and Steelmaker, April (1990), Vol 17, No. 4, p 16 - 21.

22. A. W. Cramb and I. Jimbo: "Research on Steel Processing in CIT - Interfacial Measurements at 1873 K !", CIT Magazine, Vol 9, No.1, Winter (1990), p 9 - 12.

23. A. W. Cramb and R. J. Fruehan: "Recent Progress on Scrap Pretreatment", Recycling of Metals and Engineered Materials, ed. J. H. van Linden, D. L. Stewart and Y. Sahai, TMS, (1990), p 3 - 20.

24. I. Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: "Interfacial Tension and Contact Angle Variations in Liquid Steel and Liquid Steel-Slag Systems", Proceedings of International Iron and Steel Congress, Nagoya, Japan, November, (1990), ISIJ, p 499 - 504.

25. J. Bingert, L. F. Shiau, D. K. Matlock, A. W. Cramb and G. Krauss: "Direct Strip Cast Steel: Processing and Properties", International Symposium on Iron and Steel in the Automotive Industry, CIM Conference, August (1990).

26. A. W. Cramb and R. J. Fruehan: "A New Process for Copper Removal From Solid Scrap", Electric Furnace Conference Procedings, Vol 48, (1990), p 285 - 296.

27. A. W. Cramb: "Trends in Caster Operation - I-X", Iron and Steelmaker,(1989-90), Vol. 16-17..

1991

28. I. Jimbo, B. Ozturk, S. Feldbauer and A. W. Cramb: "Some Aspects of Chemical Phenomena in the Mold of a Continuous Slab Caster", Steelmaking Conference Proceedings, (1991), p 153 - 162.

29. L. F. Shiau, W. G. Lo and A. W. Cramb: "Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing in Stainless Steel Castings", Trans ISS, Vol. 16, 1991, Iron and Steelmaker, Vol 18, No. 6, (1991), p 57 - 62.

30. Mold Operation for Quality and Productivity, ed. A. W. Cramb and E. Szekeres, ISS Publication, Iron and Steel Society Publication, (1991).

31. A. W. Cramb: "Metal Casting", McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology, (1991), p 233 - 234



1992

32. A. W. Cramb: "Steelmaking and Continuous Casting of Microalloyed Steels", Proceedings of International Conference on Microalloyed Steels, A. Deardo, ed., A TMS/ISS publication, (1992), p 3 - 8.

33. J. K. Brimacombe and A. W. Cramb: "Refining Practices for Quality Steel Manufacture", Scan-Inject VI, Vol 1, (1992), p 71 - 111.

34. I. Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: " Computer Aided Interfacial Measurements", ISIJ International, Vol. 32 (1992), No. 1, p 26 - 35.

35. A. W. Cramb and R. J. Fruehan: "A New Low Temperature Process for the of Removal of Copper from Scrap", Trans ISS, (1992) , Iron and Steelmaker, November 1991, p 61 - 68.

36. I. Jimbo, J. Stepanek and A. W. Cramb: "Laboratory Scale Strip Castings", Process Technology Division Proceedings, Vol 10, (1992), p 335-341.

37. Y. Zhang, I. Jimbo, A. W. Cramb and R. J. Fruehan: "The Reaction of Solid Copper with Na2S-FeS Mattes",4th International Conference on Molten Slags and Mattes, Sendai, Japan, (1992), ISIJ, p 578 - 583.

38. J. K. Brimacombe and A. W. Cramb: "Modelling of Steelmaking and Casting", Process Technology Division Conference Proceedings, Vol. 10, (1992), p 211 – 225

1993

39. I. Jimbo, A. Sharan and A. W. Cramb: "Recent Measurements of Surface and Interfacial Tension in Steel Related Systems", Steelmaking Proceeedings, (1993), p 485-494.

40. I. Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: "The Density of Liquid Iron-Carbon Alloys", Metallurgical Transactions, Vol. 24B, No. 2, (1993) p 5 - 10.

41. I Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: "Calculations of The Effect of Chemistry and Geometry on the Free Surface Curvature During the Casting of Steels", Vol. 15, Trans ISS, published Iron and Steelmaker, June (1993), p 55-63.

42. I. Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: "Laboratory Scale Horizontal Strip Casting", Trans ISS, Iron and Steelmaker, December (1993),p 51 -56.

1994

43. A. W. Cramb: "Directions in the Production of Clean Steels", Trans AFS, (1994) , p 3 - 9.

44. A. W. Cramb and I. Jimbo: "Surface Tension and Casting", E. T. Turkdogan Symposium, 1994, p 195 - 206

45. Y. Zhang, T. Nagasaka, A. W. Cramb and R. J. Fruehan: "Dissolution of Solid Copper into FeS-Na2S Mattes", Met Trans B, 1994, Vol 25B, p 306-308.

46. W. H. Emling, T. A. Waugman, S. L. Feldbauer and A. W. Cramb:"Subsurface Mold Slag Entrainment in Ultra Low Carbon Steels", Steelmaking Conference 1994, p 371 - 379.

47. A. Sharan, T. Nagasaka and A. W. Cramb: Surface Tensions of Fe-Cr and Fe-20%Cr-N alloys: Met Trans B, Vol 25B, 1994, p 626-628

48. A. Sharan, T. Nagasaka and A. W. Cramb: "Densities of Fe-Ni and Fe-Cr alloys at 1550 C", Met Trans B, Vol. 25B, 1994, p 939-942

1995

49. S. Roy, A. W. Cramb and J. Hoburg: "Mathematical Modelling of Meniscus Shapes of Liquids Metals in an Electromagnetic Field", Trans ISS, Vol 16 ,1995, p 65-72

50. I. Jimbo, A. Sharan and A. W. Cramb: "The Surface and Interfacial Tensions of Steel Alloys Containing Nickel or Carbon or Sulphur", Trans ISS, , Vol 16, 1995, p 45 - 52.

51. A. Sharan, I. Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: "Fundamental Aspects of The Casting of Titanium Treated Steels", Trans ISS, Vol 16, 1995 p 95 - 99.

52. A. Sharan and A. W. Cramb: "Interfacial Tensions of Liquid Fe-Ni Alloys and Stainless Steels", Met Trans B, Vol 26 B, 1995, p 87-94

53. C. Dumay and A. W. Cramb: "Densities and Interfacial Tension of Liquid Fe-Si Alloys" Met Trans B, Vol 26 B, 1995, p 173-176

54. S. Feldbauer and A. W. Cramb: “Insights into Slag Entrainment in the Mold of a Continuous Caster”, 13 th, PTD Conference, Nashville, TN, 1995, p 327 - 342

55. S. Feldbauer, I. Jimbo, A. Sharan, K. Shimizu, W. King, J. Stepanek, J. Harman and A. W. Cramb: “Mold Slag Properties That are Relevant to Clean Steel Production”, 78th Steelmaking Conference, Nashville, TN, 1995, p 655- 667.

56. A. W. Cramb and I. Jimbo: “Ladle Metallurgy: Fundamentals of the Slag-Metal Interface”,
Scaninject VII, Lulea, Sweden, 1995, p 89-109

57. A. W. Cramb: “Fundamentals of Strip Casting”, CIM Conference, 1995, p 355 - 372

58. S. Roy, B. Lally, A. W. Cramb and J. Hoburg: "Electromagnetic Levitation of Liquid Sodium", Met Trans B, Vol 26 B, 1995, p 1183-1190

59. S. Roy, A. W. Cramb and J. Hoburg: "Electromagnetic Shaping of Columns of Liquid Sodium", Met Trans B, Vol 26 B, 1995, p 1191-1196

1996

60. B. Sarma, A. W. Cramb and R. J. Fruehan: "Reduction of FeO in Smelting Slags by Solid Carbon: Experimental Results", Met Trans B, 1996, Vol 27 B, 1996, p 717-730.

61. A. W. Cramb: “Current Trends in Steel Casting for Strip” , Melt Spinning, Strip Casting and Slab Casting, Ed. E. F. Matthys and W. G. Truckner, TMS, 1996, p 1 - 11.

62. K. Shimizu, T. Suzuki. I . Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: “An Investigation on the Vaporization of Fluorides from Slag Melts” Iron and Steelmaking Conference, Vol 79, 1996. p 723-729.

63. I. Jimbo, Y. Chung and A. W. Cramb: “Interfacial Tensions of Liquid Iron-Alloys and Commercial Steels in Contact with Liquid Slags”, Trans ISIJ, 1996, Vol 36, p S43- 45.

64. J. M. Harman and A. W. Cramb: “A Study on the Effect of Fluid Physical Properties on Droplet Emulsification”, Steelmaking Conference Proceedings, Vol. 79, 1996, p 773 - 784.

65. K. Shimizu, T. Suzuki, I. Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: “ An Investigation of SiF4 Vaporization from Slag Melts”, Procedings of the 4th Japan -US seminar, Chiba , ed Y. Iguchi, Tohoku University, 1996, p 131- 137.

66. M. S. Bhamra, M. G. Charlesworth, S. Wong, D. Sawyers-Villers and A. W. Cramb: Initial Studies of the Crystallization of Fluxes under Varying Cooling Rates”, Electric Furnace Conference, 1996,p 551 -564

67. H. Todoroki, R. Lert-a-Rom, T. Suzuki, I. Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: “Evaluation of the Initial Solidification of Iron against a Water Cooled Copper Mold”, Electric Furnace Conference, 1996, p 585-590.

68. M. S. Bhamra and A. W. Cramb: “Measuring the Meniscus Profile of Liquid Sodium in an Electromagnetic Field”, Proceedings of the 1996 NSF Design and Manufacturing Conference, 1996, p 463 -464.

1997

69. A. Sharan and A. W. Cramb: "Surface Tension of Fe-Ni-O Alloys", Met Trans B, Vol. 26 B, No. 3, 1997, p 465-472.

70. A.W. Cramb, Y. Chung, J. Harman, A. Sharan and I. Jimbo: “The Slag Metal Interface and Associated Phenomena”, International Slag Symposium, Sydney Australia, 1997, p 35 - 50.

71. 71. L. Rishel, T. Pollock, A. W. Cramb and D. Larsen: “The Effect of Casting Conditions on the Production of Defects in Gamma Alloys”, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting, Vacuum Metallurgy Division of AVS, (214) 1997.

72. K. Muraleedharan, L. L. Rishel, M. DeGraef, A. W. Cramb, T. M. Pollock and G. T. Gray III: “ The Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructural Evolution in Cast Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb Type alloys”, Structural Intermetallics1997, TMS Warrendale, PA, 1997, p 215-225.

73. A. W. Cramb: “Secondary Steelmaking and Casting: The Basis for Control of Steelmaking Properties and Quality”, Jernkontoret 250 th Anniversay Symposium : Iron and Steel - Today, Yesterday and Tomorrow, Jernkontoret, June 1997, p 125- 136.

74. H. Todoroki, R. Lert-a-Rom, T. Suzuki, and A. W. Cramb: “Initial Solidification of Iron and Nickel against a Water Cooled Copper Mold”, Steelmaking Conference, 1997,Vol. 80, p 667- 678.

75. H. Todoroki, R. Lert-a-Rom, T. Suzuki, and A. W. Cramb:”Solidification and Heat Transfer Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel”, Thermec 97,,TMS, , Vol. 2, p 2, 227 - 2,236.

76. A. W. Cramb and R. J. Fruehan: “ Fundamental Issues in Steelmaking”, Szekely Symposium, 1997, TMS Publication 1997, p 209-230..

77. C. Kovczek and A. W. Cramb: “Development of Start-up Procedures at Washington Steel”, Steelmaking Conference, 1997,Vol 80, p 385-392.

78. D. S. Kim, Y. Chung and A. W. Cramb: “Clogging in Stainless Steel”, Steelmaking Conference, 1997, Vol. 80, p 145-152.

79. Y. Kashiwaya, K. Shimizu and A. W. Cramb: “Vaporization of NaF and SiF4”, Electric Conference Proceedings 1997, p 611 - 615.

80. Y. Kashiwaya, C. Cicuitti and Alan W. Cramb: “Development of Techniques for Observation of Flux Crystallization”, Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, 1997, p 617-622.

81. C. Cicuitti , Y. Kashiwaya and A. W. Cramb: “Mold Flux Crystallization”, Proceedings of the 11th Steel Symposium, IAS, 1997, p9-20

1998

82. Y. Chung and A. W. Cramb: “Direct Observation of Spontaneous Emulsification and Associated Interfacial Phenomena at the Slag-Steel Interface”, Philosophical Transactions Royal Society A, 1998, 356, p981-993.

83. S. Story, B. Sarma, R.J. Fruehan, A. W. Cramb and G. R. Belton: “Reduction of FeO in Smelting Slags by Solid Carbon: Re-Examination of the Influence of the Carbon-Gas Reaction”, Met Trans B, Vol 29B, 1998, p 922-927

84. Y. Kashiwaya and A. W. Cramb: “Interdiffusivities and Mass Transfer Coefficients of NaF Gas”, Met Trans B, Vol. 29B, 1998, p 263-273.

85. H. Todoroki, R. Lertarom, I. Jimbo, T. Suzuki and A.W. Cramb: “Initial Solidification of Iron, Nickel and Steel Droplets”, TMS Meeting, San Diego, February 1998,

86. Yoshiaki Kashiwaya Carlos E. Cicutti, Alan W. Cramb, Kuniyoshi Ishii: “Development of Double and Single Hot Thermocouple Technique for In-Situ Observation and Measurement of Mold Slag Crystallization”, ISIJ International, Vol. 38, No.4, 1998, p 348-356

87. Yoshiaki Kashiwaya, Carlos E. Cicutti and Alan W. Cramb: Crystallization Phenomena of Mold Slag for Continuous Casting, ISIJ International, 1998, Vol 38, No 4, 1998, p 357-65

88. Yoshiaki Kashiwaya, Carlos E. Cicutti, and Alan W. Cramb:”Crystallization Behaviour of Slags”, Steelmaking Conference, 1998, Vol 81, p 185-191

89. Y. Kashiwaya and A. W. Cramb: “Simultaneous Vaporization of NaF and SiF4”, Steelmaking Conference Proceedings 1998, Vo 81, p 539 - 543.

90. Y. Chung, D. S. Kim and A. W. Cramb: “Interfacial Phenomena of Fe-Cr and Fe-Al Alloys in contact with CaO-SiO2 - Al2 O3 Slags, Steelmaking Conference Proceedings, 1998, Vol. 81, p 519 - 527.

91. H. Todoroki, R. Lertarom, I. Jimbo, T. Suzuki and A.W. Cramb: Solidification of Steel Droplets agsinst a Water Cooled Copper Mold”, Proceedings of the McLean Symposium, ISS, 1998, p 155-175

92. L.L. Rishel, N. E. Biery, R. Raban, V. Z. Gandelsman, T. M. Pollock and A. W. Cramb: “ Cast Structure and Property Variability in Gamma Titanium Aluminides”, Intermetallics, 6, 1998, 629-636.

93. A. W. Cramb: “Sunrise in Steel Town: A Renaissance in Steel”, MRS Bulletin, Volume 23, No. 7, July 1998, p 3-6.

1999

94. H. Todoroki, Y. Suzuki and A. W. Cramb: "Initial Solidification of Iron, Nickel and Steel
Droplets", ISS Transactions, 1999, I&SM, Vol 26, No. 4, p 57 – 71.

95. C. Orrling, A. Tilliander, Y. Kashiwaya and A. W. Cramb: “Melting and Solidification of Slags”, Steelmaking Proceedings, 1999 , vol. 82, p 417-425

96. A. W. Cramb: “High Purity, Low Residual and Clean Steels”, Impurities in Engineered Materials: Impact, Reliability and Control, ed. by C. L. Briant, John Wiley, 1999, p 49 – 89.

97. L. L. Rishel, T. Pollock and A. W. Cramb: “Induction Skull Melting of Titanium Aluminides”, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting, Feb 1999, Santa Fe

98. M DeGraef, N. Biery, L. Rishel, T. Pollock and A. Cramb: “On the Relation between Cooling Rate and Solidification Microstructure in as-cast Titanium Aluminide”, Gamma Titanium Aluminides 1999, Ed Y-W Kim, D. M. Dimiduk and M. H. Loretto, TMS, 1999, p 247 – 254.

99. Y. Chung and A. W. Cramb: “Surface and Interfacial Properties of Fe-30%Cr-S Alloys in Contact with Alumina”, Steel Research, 1999, 70, No. 8+9, p 325-330

100. C. Orrling, Y. Fang, N. Phinichka, S. Sridhar and A. W. Cramb: “Observation and Measurement of Solidification Phenomena at High Temperatures”, JOM-e, July 1999. (http://www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/9907/Orrling/Orrling-9907.html)

2000

101. C. Orrling, A. Tilliander, Y. Kashiwaya and A. W. Cramb: “Observations of Melting and Solidification of Slags”, Transactions of the Iron and Steel Society, I&SM, Jan 2000, Vol 27, p 53-63

102. S. Sridhar and A. W. Cramb: Kinetics of Al2O3 Dissolution in CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags: In Situ Observation and Analysis, Met Trans B, 2000, Vol 31 B, p 406-410.

103. S-Y Chu, , M. De Graef, A. W. Cramb, D. E. Laughlin and M. E. McHenry: “The Effect of Field Cooling and Field Orientation on the Magnetic Phase Transformation in a Ni2MnGa Single Crystal”, J. App Phys, 87:5777-5779, 2000

104. C. Orrling and A W. Cramb: “The Effect of Water Vapor on Mold Slag Crystallization”, Met Trans B, 2000, Vol 31 B, p 403-406

105. Y. Chung and A. W. Cramb: :Equilibrium and Dynamic Interfacial Phenomena in Liquid Steel Slag Systems”, Met Trans B, 2000, Vol 31 B, No. 5, p 957-972.

106. Y. Chung, I. Jimbo, A. Sharan, M. Byrne and A. W. Cramb: “Dynamic Interfacial Phenomena in Liquid Steel Slag Systems”, Belton Symposium, 2000, p 165-184

107. P. Misra, V. Chevrier, S. Sridhar and A. W. Cramb: “Observation of Inclusions at a Slag-Metal Interface”, Met Trans B, 2000, Vol 31 B, No. 5, p 1135- 1139

108. R. Madallena, R. Rastogi, B. El Dasher and A. W. Cramb: Nozzle Deposits in Titanium Treated Stainless Steels, Trans ISS, 2000, Iron and Steelmaker, Vol 27, No. 12, p 71-79.

109. C. Tse, S.H. Lee, S. Sridhar and A.W. Cramb: In Situ Observations Relevant to Clean Steel: Dissolution of Alumina Particles in Slags, Steeelmaking Conference 2000, p

110. V. F. Chevrier and A. W. Cramb: : X-Ray Fluoroscopy Observations of Bubble Formation and Separation at a Metal-Slag Interface Met Trans B, Vol 31B, 2000, p

111. C. Orrling,. S. Sridhar and A. W. Cramb: IN SITU Observation of the Role of Alumina on the Solidification Behavior of Slags, ISIJ 2000 p 877-885.

112. K. Shimizu, V. Chevrier, C. Orrling, P. Misra, S. Sridhar and Alan W. Cramb: "Issues in the Design of Slags", Brimacombe Symposium, Vancouver, 2000, p725-743

113. C. Orrling, S. Sridhar and A. W. Cramb: " IN SITU Observations of Innoculation and Crystal Growth in a Synthetic Slag", Slag Conference 2000, paper 066

114: Yoshiaki Kashiwaya, Kuniyoshi Ishii* Carl F. Orrling and Alan W.Cramb: Measurement of the Effective Thermal Diffusivity of a Slag using the Double Hot Thermocouple Technique", Slag Conference, Stockholm, 2000, paper 100

115. A. W. Cramb: "The Role of the University in the Future of the Steel Industry: A North American Perspective", ICSS 2000, June 2000, Osaka Japan, p15-20

116. The Brimacombe Memorial Symposium, Eds. G. A. Irons and A. W. Cramb, CIM, 2000

117. K. Shimizu, V. Chevrier, C. Orrling, P. Misra, S. Sridhar and Alan W. Cramb: "Issues in the Design of Slags", The Brimacombe Memorial Symposium, Eds. G. A. Irons and A. W. Cramb, CIM, 2000, p725-743.

118. K. Kumari, P. Misra, A. W. Cramb and A. D. Rollett: "Thin Strip Casting of Low Carbon Steel", COM 2000 (Conference of Metallurgists), August 2000, Ottawa, Canada, paper number 50.4

2001

119. A. W. Cramb and S. Sridhar: Ferrous Solidification, Elsevier Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology, 2001

120. S.H. Lee, C. Tse, K.W. Yi*, P. Misra, V. Chevrier, C. Orrling, S. Sridhar and A.W. Cramb: "Separation and dissolution of Al2O3 inclusions at slag/metal interfaces", J. of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2001, 282, p 41-48.

121. C. Orrling, S. Sridhar and A. W. Cramb: "In situ Observations and Thermal Analysis of Crystallization Phenomenon in Mold Slags", High Temperature Materials and Processes, vol. 20, No. 3-4, 2001, p 195-199

122. Y. Kashiwaya and A. W. Cramb: The Rate of Evaporation of NaF in SiF4 atmospheres, Met Trans B, 2001, Vol 32B, No.3, p 401-407.

123. R. Rastogi and A. W. Cramb: Inclusion Formation and Agglomeration in Aluminum Killed Steels, 84 th Steelmaking Conference Proceedings, 2001, p 789-829

124. Kritsada Prapakorn, Sridhar Seetharaman and Alan W. Cramb: A Comparison of Different Techniques for Determining the Crystallization Temperature of Slags, 84 th Steelmaking Conference Proceedings, 2001, p 357-368

125. A. W. Cramb: Steel Production and Refining, Elsevier Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology, 2001


126. K. Shimizu, T. Suzuki. I . Jimbo and A. W. Cramb: “Vaporization of Fluorides from Slag Melts”, Iron and Steelmaker, Transactions ISS, 2001, Vol 28, No. 7, p 59 - 65.


127. Badri, A. B. and Cramb, A. W. : "Thermocouples - What temperature are they measuring" 2001 Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, ISS-AIME pp. 661-670

128. P. Misra, S. Sridhar and A.W. Cramb: "In situ observation of TiN precipitates at Stainless Steel/CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO-2 Interface", Met Trans B , Vol. 32B, 2001, p 963-967

129. M.Valdez, K.Prapakorn, A.W.Cramb, S.Sridhar: A Study of the Dissolution of Al2O3 Particles in CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 Slags, Steel Research, 2001, 73 (B) p 291-297

130. M. Valdez, K. Prapakorn, A. W. Cramb and S. Sridhar:”A Study of the Dissolution of Alumina Particles in Steelmaking Slags”, Proceedings of 13th IAS Steelmaking Conference, IAS, 2001

2002

131. K. Shimizu and A. W. Cramb: "The Kinetics of Fluoride Evaporation from CaF2-SiO2-CaO Slags and Mold Fluxes in Dry Atmospheres", Trans ISS, 2002, Iron and Steelmaker, Vol 29, No. 7, p 85

132. M.Valdez, K.Prapakorn, A.W. Cramb, S.Sridhar: A Study of the Dissolution of Al2O3, MgO and MgAl2O4 Particles in a CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 Slag, Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 2002, 29 (1), p 47-52

133. Y. Kashiwaya and A. W. Cramb: Kinetics of Formation and Dissociation of Na2SiF6, 2002, Met Trans B, Vol 33B, p129-136

134. K. Prapakorn, C. Orrling and A. W. Cramb: “The Solidification Behavior of Calcium Aluminate in Dry and Wet Atmospheres”, European Casting Conference, Vol 2, 2002, p733-742

135. K. Kumari, P. Misra, A. W. Cramb and A.D. Rollett: Strip Casting of Carbon Steels – An Evaluation of Mechanical Properties, European Casting Conference, Vol. 2, 2002, p 635-644.

136. Badri, A. B. and Cramb, A. W. : "Heat flux calculations from thermocouples - What can be measured" 2002 Steelmaking Conference Proceedings, ISS-AIME p. 65-76

137. Badri, A. B. and Cramb, A. W. :"Measurement of oscillating temperatures using subsurface thermocouples", 2002 Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, ISS-AIME, p 319-332

2003

138. N. Phinichka, P. Misra, Y. Fang and Alan W. Cramb: “Initial Solidification Phenomena in the Casting of Steels”, Innovation and Excellence in Continuous Casting, 2nd ed., Stahl Eisen, 2003, p 65-78.

139. S. Ueda, H. Shi and A. W. Cramb: “Observation of the Effect of Droplet Size on the Contact Angle between Liquid Iron and a Single Crystal, Alumina Substrate at 1873K”, M. Wolf Symposium, ISSTech, April, 2003, p 665-679

140. T. Nagasaka, A. W. Cramb and R.J. Fruehan: “The Reaction Kinetics of Nitrogen on Liquid Iron Containing Sulfur, Selenium and Tellurium – Is Nitrogen in Steelmaking an old Subject or a Modern Topic?, M. Wolf Symposium, ISSTech, April, 2003, p 979-992

141. M.Valdez, K.Prapakorn, S.Sridhar and A.W.Cramb: “Dissolution of Inclusions in Steelmaking Slags”, ISSTech, April, 2003

142. P. Misra, N. Phininchka and A. W. Cramb: “The Effect of the Presence of Liquid Films on a Copper Mold Surface on the Rate of Heat Transfer during the Solidification of Steel Droplets”, ISS Transactions 2003, Iron and Steelmaker, Vol 30, No. 10, 2003,p 46-55

143: E. Kapilashrami, A. K. Lahiri, A. W Cramb and S. Seetharaman:” Investigation of the reactions between oxygen containing iron SiO2 substrate by the X-Ray Sessile Drop Technique”, Met Trans B, 2003,
Vol 34B, p 647-652.

144. .A. Badri, J. Park and A. W. Cramb: Experimentally Simulating Heat Transfer Conditions at the Meniscus”, ISSTech, April, 2003,
145. Jemin Park, Adam B. Badri, James T. Wolfe, Paolo Nolli and Alan W. Cramb: ”The Effect of Mold Flux Films on Radiative Heat Transfer on Copper Molds”, ISSTech, April, 2003, p 1157-1171

146. The Manfred Wolf Symposium, ed. A. W. Cramb, PTD, ISS, 2003

147. A. Cramb and R. Rastogi: “Clogging” Making Shaping and Treating of Steel – Vol 3, Casting, ed. A. W. Cramb and M. Byrne, AISE 2003

148. Making Shaping and Treating of Steel – Vol 3, Casting, ed. A. W. Cramb and M. Byrne, AISE, 2003

149. K. W. Yi, C. Tse, J-H Park, M. Valdez, A. W. Cramb and S. Sridhar: “Determination of Disolution Time of Alumina and Magnesia inclusions in Synthetic CaO-Al2O3-MgO Slags”, Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy, Vol. 32 Issue 4 , August 2003, p 177

150: S. Ueda, H. Shi, X. Jiang, H. Shibata and A. W. Cramb: “The Contact Angle between Liquid Iron and a Single Crystal, Alumina Substrate at 1873K : Effects of Oxygen and Droplet Size””, Met Trans B, 2003,

151: D. Choo, P. Nolli, P. Misra, M.J. Ha and A.W. Cramb: The Effect of Surface Oxide Films on Heat Transfer Behavior In the Strip Casting Process , AISE Conference, Pittsburgh, 2003,

2004

153. A. W. Cramb: “Strip Casting: Latest Developments”, Elsevier Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology, 2004

154: A. W. Cramb: “Recent Progress in the Continuous Casting of Steel”, Elsevier Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology, 2004

155. Hiroyuki Shibata, Xiaofang Jiang, Martin Valdez and Alan W. Cramb: The Contact Angle between Liquid Iron and a Single Crystal Magnesium Oxide Substrate at 1873K, 2004, Met Trans B, vol 35 B, p 179-181.

156. Y. Wang, A. Gomez, C. Cicutti, A. W. Cramb and S. Sridhar: “Recoxidation of Low Carbon Aluminum Killed Steels” Trans AIST, Iron & Steel Technology, 2004, Vol 1, No. 2, p 87-96

157: S. Ueda, H. Shi and A. W. Cramb: “The Contact Angle Between Liquid Iron –Aluminum-Titanium Alloys and Alumina at 1873K”, 2004, Steel Grips, 2, N0. 1, p 53-56

158. S.Sridhar and A.W. Cramb: “Direct Visualization of Phenomena Related to Steel Casting and Solidification”, Kurtz Conference on Solidification Processes and Microstructures, TMS 2004, p138-144

159. M. Supradist, A. W. Cramb and K. Schwerdtfeger: “The Combustion of Carbon in a Casting Powder in a Temperature Gradient:”, ISIJ International, Vol.44 (2004), No. 5, p 817-826

160. M. E. Valdez, H. Shibata, S. Sridhar and A. W. Cramb: “The Solidification Rate of Undercooled Pure Liquid Iron”, TMS/AIST Conference, New Orleans, September 2004

161: P Nolli, D. K. Choo and A. W. Cramb: “The Effect of Suface Oxide Films on Heat Transfer Behavior in the Strip Casting Process” Transactions AIST, Iron & Steel Technology, Vol 1, No. 12, 2004, p 117-125

162. K. Prapakorn, C. Orrling and A. W. Cramb: “The Effect of MgO on the Solidification of Calcium Aluminate” TMS/AIST Conference, New Orleans, September 2004

163. V Chevrier and A. W. Cramb: “Observation and Measurement of Bubble Separation at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces”, Steel Research International, 2004, 75, No. 10, p 645-658.

164. A. W. Cramb: “What is the Future Direction for Undergraduate Education in Materials Departments”, MRS e-magazine, 2004

2005

165. C. T. Mutale, T. Claudon and A. W. Cramb: “Observation of the Crystallization Behavior of a Slag containing 46 wt. % CaO, 46 wt. % SiO2, 6 wt. % Al2O3, and 2 wt. % Na2O using the Double Hot Thermocouple Technique”, Met Trans B, 2005, accepted

166. A. W. Cramb: Fundamentals of Initial Solidification Phenomena
and their Relationship to the Casting Of Steels, Fundamentals of Metallurgy, Woodhouse Publishing, 2005.

167. A. Badri, T. T. Natarajan, C. C. Snyder, K. D. Powers, F. J. Mannion, and A. W. Cramb: A Mold Simulator for the Continuous Casting of Steel, Part 1, Steel Shell Solidification Profiles, Met Trans B, 2005, accepted

168. A. Badri, T. T. Natarajan, C. C. Snyder, K. D. Powers, F. J. Mannion, M. Byrne and A. W. Cramb: A Mold Simulator for the Continuous Casting of Steel, Part 2, The Formation of Oscillation Marks During the Continuous Casting of Low Carbon Steels, Met Trans B, 2005, accepted

169. W. Wang and A. W. Cramb, “The Effect of Mold Flux Crystallization on Radiative Heat Transfer Rates”, TMS Letters, 2005

170. P Nolli and A. W. Cramb: The Effect of Mold Coatiings on Heat Transfer Rate during Droplet Solidification”, ICS Conference, Charlotte, 2005

171. V. Chevrier and A. W. Cramb: “Observation and Measurement of Bubble Separation at Steel–Slag Interfaces”, Scandanavian Journal of Metallurgy, 2005, 35, 1-11

172. M. De Graef and A. W. Cramb: “Reformatting the Undergraduate Curriculum in Engineering: Issues of ABET, Design, Assessment and the Future”, JABEE Symposium Proceedings, 2005

173: T.T. Natarajan, T. Piccone, K. Powers, C. Snyder, A. Badri and A. W. Cramb: “Mold Simulator: A Tool to Study Initial Solidification”, Iron & Steel Technology, 2005, No 7,



Selected Presentations


1987

"Calculation of Interfacial Tensions in Steel-Slag Systems", NSF-Max Planck
Seminar, April 1987, Winterscheidermueller, Germany.

1989
"Casting of Steel Strip", Symposium on Casting Techniques, TMS, April 1989,
Las Vegas.

"The Production of IF Steels", Keynote Address, Symposium on the Metallurgy of
Vacuum Degassed Products, TMS, October 1989, Indianapolis.

"New Casting Techniques", Symposium on Processing for the 20th Century, ASM,
October, 1989, Indianapolis.

"Interfacial Tension in Steel Slag Systems", TMS, April, 1989, Las Vegas.

1990

"New Casting Techniques", February 1990, AISE Canton, OHIO.

"A New Process for Copper Removal From Ferrous Scrap", October, 1990,
Keynote Address, TMS Recycling Conference, Wlliamsburg, Va.

"Research Directions within CISR", October, 1990, Alcoa Research
Laboratories.

"Interfacial Properties in Steel-Slag Systems", October, 1990,
International Iron and Steel Congress, Nagoya, Japan.

"Copper Removal From Scrap", November, 1990, ISS Conference,
New Orleans.

1991

"Steelmaking and Casting of Microalloyed Steels", Keynote Address,June 1991,
International Symposium on Microalloyed Steels, Pittsburgh, PA.

"Computer Aided Interfacial Measurements", Japan-USA Meeting, Myrtle Beach,
N.C., October 1991.

"High Temperature Interfaces", Dept. Staff Seminar, CMU, November 1991.

1992

"Continuous Casting", Advances in Materials Science, ASM/TMS Spring
Symposium, Schenectady, May 1992.

"Laboratory Scale Strip Castings", AISI Annual Meeting, May, 1992.

1993

"Surface Tensions", 1993 Steelmaking Conference, Dallas, TX.

"Strip Casting" Alcoa Seminar Series, November 1993

1994

"Strip Casting" AISI Technology Committee, February 1994

"Surface and Interfacial Tensions", Turkdogan Symposium, May 1994, invited.

"Clean Steel Directions", Inland Steel Co. Seminar Series, September, 1994.

“Developments in Mold Slags”, ISS Conference, Nashville, April 1995, invited

1995

‘Fundamentals of Ladle Metallurgy”, Keynote Lecture, Scaninject VII, Lulea, Sweden, June 1995

“Strip Casting Fundamentals”, Canadian Met. Soc. Meeting, Vancouver, August, 1995, invited

“Initial Solidification Phenomena in Carbon Steels” 117 JIM Fall Meeting, 1995, Hawaii, invited

“Clean Steel Technology”, Short Course, for POHTO, Finland, August 1995

“Clean Steel Technology”, Short Course for SAIIM, Pretoria, South Africa, September 1995

“Clean Steel Technology”, Short Course for AIM, Saint Nicholas, Argentina, November 1995

“Clean Steel Technology”, Short Course for TIMM, Bankock, Tailand, December 1995.

“New Developments in Steel Technology” Seminar for Posco, Pohang, Korea,December 1995

1996

“Surface and Interfacial Tension”, McMaster University, Feb 1996

“Surface and Interfacial Tension”, MIT, March 1996.

“Strip Casting Advances”, AISI Meeting, Waldorf Astoria, April 1996, invited.

“Solidification Phenomena at Short Times”, Los Alamos Seminar on Solidification, July 1996, invited.

“Solidfication and Strip Casting”, July 1996, Rockwell Science Center, July 1996, invited.

“Clean Steel Technology”, Short Course, for North Star-BHP, July 1996

“Clean Steel Technology”, Short Course for Caterpiller, August 1996.

1997

“Interfacial Tension in Slag -Metal Systems”, Keynote Address, 5th International Slag Symposium,
Sydney, Australia, January 1997.

“ Ladle Metallurgy and Continuous Casting - The Link to Product Properties”, Invited Lecture, 250 th Anniversary of Jernkontoret, Stockholm, Sweden, June 1997

“Marangoni and Interfacial Phenomena in Continuous Casting”, Invited Lecture, Conference on
Marangoni Phenomena, Royal Society, London, June , 1997.

“ Research Directions at CMU”, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, June 1997.

“Initial Solidification”, Invited lecture, Thermec 97, July 97, Wollongong, Australia

“Solidification” , a three day minicourse at the University of Wollongong., July 1997.

“Mold Flux Crystallization”, lecture in Buenos Aires, Argentina, November, 1997

“Solidification and Casting” 2 day minicourse in Denmark, December, 1997

“Continuous Casting of Steel” 8 hours of lectures over 4 days in Short Course, Vancouver Canada,

“Clean Steel” 12 hours of lectures over 2 days in Short Course, Pittsburgh,



1998

“Droplet Solidification” TMS meeting Feb 1998

Initial Solidification - Invited Talk, A McLean Symposium, july 1998

Research Directions – Invited Talk at China Steel, Taiwan, August 1998

Research Direction for Steel – Invited talk in Korea for Posco, August 1998

Strip Casting – Invited talk at Strip Cast Symposium, November 1998

“Continuous Casting of Steel” 8 hours of lectures over 4 days in Short Course, Vancouver Canada,

“Clean Steel” 12 hours of lectures over 2 days in Short Course, Pittsburgh,


1999

Slag Solidification – Invited Talk at Allegheny Teledyne, February 1999.

Clean Steel Directions - Invited talk, TMS, meeting, October 1999

Slag Solidification, Invited talk, IAS meeting Argentina, October, 1999

“Continuous Casting of Steel” 8 hours of lectures over 4 days in Short Course, Vancouver Canada, 1999

“Clean Steel” 12 hours of lectures over 2 days in Short Course, Pittsburgh, 2002

2000

New Directions in Research, Invited Talk, Belton Symposium, January 2000

The Future of Materials Education, Plenary Talk, ICES, Osaka, Japan, June 2000

Slag Solidification, Keynote Address, Slag Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, 2000

Issues in Slag Design, invited talk, Brimacombe Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, September, 2000

“Clean Steel” 12 hours lectures over 2 days in Short Course, Pittsburgh, 2000

2001

Initial Solidification, invited talk, Penn State University, November 2001

“Seeing is Believing”, Invited talk, Colorado School of Mines, September 2001

“Continuous Casting of Steel” 8 hours lectures over 4 days in Short Course, Vancouver Canada,

Graduate Course on Solidification, Techint Steel Course, Bergamo, Italy


2002

Trends in Casting Research, Plenary Talk, The Mills Symposium, August 2002, London, England

Strip Casting, European Casting Conference, Birmingham, October, 2002

Slag Solidification, European Casting Conference, Birmingham, October, 2002

Slag Solidification, keynote talk, Electric Furnace Conference, November 2002

Adventures in High Temperature Microscopy, the John Elliott lecture, November 2002, University of Pittsburgh

“Continuous Casting of Steel” 8 hours lectures over 4 days in Short Course, Vancouver Canada,

“Continuous Casting of Steel” 8 hours lectures over 2 days in Short Course, Hamilton Canada,

“Clean Steel” 12 hours lectures over 2 days in Short Course, Pittsburgh

2003

Adventures in High Temperature Microscopy, the John Elliott lecture, January 2003, University of Pennsylvania

Strip Casting, The Carnegie Lecture, invited talk, ASM Pittsburgh, April 2003

New Developments in Steel Research, Alcoa Seminar Series, June 2003

“Continuous Casting of Steel” 8 hours of lectures over 4 days in Short Course, Vancouver Canada,

Wetting of Liquid Iron on Alumina, ISSTECH, 2003

The Effect of Liquid Films on Heat Transfer, ISSTECH 2003

Recent Progress in Research: Bao Steel, Shanghai, China, September 2003

Recent Progress in Research: Posco, Pohang Korea, September 2003

Recent Progress in Research: Arcelor, Metz, France, October 2003

Recent Progress in Research, Corus, Ijmuiden, the Netherlands, October 2003

Solidification of Slags, ISS Pittsburgh Meeting, Warrendale, October 2003

“Clean Steel” 12 hours lectures over 3 days in Short Course, Pittsburgh

Adventures in High Temperature Microscopy, the John Elliott lecture, November 2003, McMaster University


2004

“Solidification – New Directions” TMS, Charlotte , April 2004,

“Directions in Steel Research – Nippon Steel Futsu Laboratory, Japan, March 2004, invited talk

“Directions in Steel Research – JFE Research Laboratories, Japan, March 2004, invited talk

“Observation of Solidification Phenomena”, TMS Meeting Charlotte, March 2004

Clean Steel Technologies – Short Course at Dofasco Steel, Canada

“Directions in Graduate Education”, FMS Meeting, Washington, May 2004, invited talk.

“Bubble Separation at Steel-Slag Interface”, Metal Separation Technologies III, Keynote speech, June 2004

“Adventures in High Temperature Microscopy, the John Elliott lecture, October 2004, McGill University

“Initial Solidification in Casting” Keynote Speech, AIST/TMS meeting, New Orleans, September 2004

“Clean Steel Technologies”, Pittsburgh, October 2004, Pittsburgh.

“Design in Engineering Education” JABEE Symposium on Engineering Design, Tokyo, Japan, Dec 2004, invited talk

“Directions in Solidification Research”, Invited Seminar at the University of Tokyo, December 2004

“The Current Status of AIME”, SME Utah Section, December 2004

2005

“The Current Status of AIME”, SME Washington Section, February 2005

“Undercooled Solidification, keynote speech, ICS Conference, May 2005


updated June 2005